Some of these will be available in Frontend[SAP Gateway] and Some will be for SAP Back-End, in case of. o 0: Application server/destination is locked for bgRFC. Use. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. You may choose to manage your own preferences. This is a preview of a SAP. Even if it would have some advantages the normal BizTalk scenarios won't have a real benefit. Click to access the full version on SAP for Me (Login required). A unit consists of one or more function modules that need to be processed as an indivisible unit. For example, BGRFCSUPER. Create a new environment variable: From the Windows Control Panel, select System > Advanced System Settings. azure. You can view/maintain the class details by entering its name into the relevant SAP transactions such as SE24, SE80 or even SE84. Unit history. Channel Name: Enter a meaning full name (max. (The one created in previous step) as shown in screen shot below. Multiple function module calls can be bundled together to form a unit. The stage can either use an existing Destination or create a new one automatically. tab page in the transaction SBGRFCCONF, you can maintain a separate inbound destination for each application. SAP Solution Manager 7. Basic settings Creating a Supervisor Destination The bgRFC cannot function if a supervisor destination has not been defined. This ensures that the scheduler is activated on the same application server as the specified user. An alert is generated for Enqueue Processing where the following lock entries are detected. You can use the transaction code SE16 to view the data in this table, and SE11 TCode for the table structure and definition. If not, create a new one using transaction code SM59. For example, BGRFCSUPER. Maintain logon server groups. The settings described above can be found on the tab pages within the transaction SBGRFCCONF. The bgRFC Scheduler needs to be restarted. Can anyone help me for this one, Thanks and Regards, Without this assignment, the bgRFC is not able to function. For more information about the configuration options, see: Creating a Supervisor Destination. Creating a Destination Object and Unit Objects. 13. if you want to have a system to get a first idea of how SAP S/4HANA ® Supply Chain for transportation management works, and it requires a least a certain degree of experience with the. By continuing to browse this website you agree to the use of cookies. Choose Create User. Using these. All specified methods raise the exception CX_RFC_NO_LUW_EXEC if they are called outside of a unit started by the tRFC scheduler. If that server's unavailable, 4. Inbound application server-specific customizing. When using the application monitors (for example, "SXMB_MONI" or "SBGRFCMON"), the bgRFC units are no longer processed. You have the following configuration options: Basic. For utilization of Workflows in Custom SAP Fiori Apps,Workflow related transactions would be used. For SAP NetWeaver 7. It comes under the package SBGRFCGUI. Check in transaction SM12 for the locks for the following tables:. You use the option if the system should trigger a COMMIT WORK for each process triggered by a bgRFC (Type q). Two additions are required in our test script, the server function implementation and registration. In addition, the supervisor starts or stops the schedulers as required. Parameter. Application Server-Specific Settings. 14. To optimize system performance when using bgRFC, you can make various settings for the bgRFC schedulers. ini file is only necessary after the file has been manually edited. No scheduler can be started on application servers with fewer than three dialog work processes. Another aspect is the number if triggers processed in parallel. Authorizations at the server side (NetWeaver) Authorizations required for related application transactions. bgRFC scheduler is not running. On the Scheduler: Destination tab page in the transaction SBGRFCCONF, you can configure the bgRFC scheduler for outbound and inbound processing at destination level. To create the bgRFC supervisor destination, proceed as follows: In transaction SPRO open the SAP Reference IMG and navigate to: SAP NetWeaver SAP Gateway OData Channel Configuration Connection Settings SAP Gateway to Consumer Create bgRFC Supervisor Destination and click on the Activity icon. The Public Beta Environment (PBE) is a League server where you can try out upcoming features that aren't (and may never be) implemented in-game. NOTE: When using transaction SM12, enter “BGRFC*“as the table name. Procedure. 03, 16, 90, H2, H3. 源代码实现部分(源代码详见文末, 目前只实现了 入站部分的调用)The bgRFC allows applications to record data that is received later by a called application. You can also find this transaction in the IMG under SPRO -> SAP. pdf), Text File (. Specifically in case of locked documents, the triggers are. All non-processed bgRFC calls for this destination are counted. SAP ABAP Table BGRFC_O_SERVER_REGISTRATION (Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server), sap-tables. On the SAP Gateway server, run transaction SBGRFCCONF. Loaded 0%. BGRFC_REG_I_DEST_TYPE is a standard SAP S4 Hana Table which is used to store Register: Inbound Destination for Unit History data and is available within S4 HANA SAP systems depending on the version and release level. Supervisor destination is used to get the configuration settings for the bgRFC scheduler and starts or stops the schedulers as required on each application server. Outbound destination-specific customizing. The behaviour of bgRFC can be controlled in different ways, e. Enqueue backup file is used. 02, choose Create. can be two types like tRFC and qRFC. This site uses cookies and related technologies, as described in our privacy statement, for purposes that may include site operation, analytics, enhanced user experience, or advertising. 16. tab. The following activities are done to create a trusted connection between backend and SAP BTP. qrfc调用. Outbound application server-specific customizing. status mode checks whether a server is running in the specified data directory. bgRFC Authorizations. Put the license code into the registration box, and then click the " Register " button. 0). Search S4 HANA tables. Value (Inbound Scenario) Value (Outbound Scenario) ACTVT. In addition to standard server, the bgRFC server requires the implementation of bgRFC event handlers, as per example bgrfc_server. User for bgRFC was already created on CUA and required roles alredy assigned, but the activity still fail. The bgRFC organizes the different calls using queues. For more information about the configuration options, see: Creating a Supervisor Destination. /atp Confirmation_ID: Activate the product with a user-provided Confirmation_ID. bgRFC scheduler is not running. You can work out the minimum number of work processes that you need for the bgRFC using the following rule of thumb: Inbound processing: Number of schedulers used + 2. Message TypesDuring the execution of a unit, you can use the methods of the class CL_BGRFC_SERVER to influence the way the unit is processed. Outbound destination-specific customizing. For SAP NetWeaver 7. To perform bgRFC configuration tasks, you need authorizations from authorization object S_BGRFC. For more information about the configuration options, see: Creating a Supervisor Destination. Reloads the contents of the sapnwrfc. It is either transferred entirely or. Go back to the below path in Transaction spro and Execute Register RFC Destination for Background Processing. For bgRFC configuration, you need authorization object S_BGRFC. For this reason, it is strongly recommended that bgRFC is used instead of tRFC. Meta Relationship - Using # Relationship type Using Short. Reloading the sapnwrfc. After login, run transaction code /IWNGW/BEP_SET_ALIAS. In Client scenario, Python calls remote enabled ABAP function module (FM) [1] via SAP RFC protocol, as shown in Introduction. Alternatively, enter transaction code SBGRFCCONF. If the SAP client with the specified ClientName exists in a network external to the SAP server, then a router will be used to enable the server-client communication. Can anyone help me for this one, Thanks and Regards, Sajmal. To register this name in the technical configuration, log on in client 000 and execute the report SRT_ADMIN. Maintain logon server groups. 8. 0, you have created a bgRFC destination as an ABAP connection, using the RFC destination name BGRFC_SUPERVISOR, without load balancing, target host, SAP Gateway host and service. Search S4 HANA tables. FREE domain for the lifetime of the contract. In the next. You can use the monitor to trace the state of the unit, from when it is first recorded until it has been processed. tm trigger bgrfc rfc transition queue background move SBGRFCCONF setup set up configure configuration not working unit schedule , KBA , TM-BF-BG , bgRFC Processing , TM-BF-TRG , Trigger Processing , Problem. In the Configuration step click the Add button. This ensures that the scheduler is activated on the same application server as the specified. Right click on the Microsoft folder and select New > Key. Message processing depends on the message type specified in the MESSAGE statement, and the program context in which the statement occurs. Message Types The event END_OF_UNIT from the class C L_BGRFC_SERVER is triggered once a unit has been successfully processed. Method Type - Static This is a Static Method so you can call it directlyDuring the execution of a unit, you can use the methods of the class CL_BGRFC_SERVER to influence the way the unit is processed. This is a preview of a SAP Knowledge Base Article. parameters you can prevent destinations from being overloaded by bgRFC calls. See here to view full function module documentation and code listing for enqueue e bgrfc i serv r FM, simply by entering the name ENQUEUE_E_BGRFC_I_SERV_R into the relevant SAP transaction such as SE37 or SE38. Message number: 139. Some of these will be available in Frontend[SAP Gateway] and Some will be for SAP Back-End, in case of Central HUB deployment of SAP Gateway. Follow. On the Maintain Inbound Dest. Further processing happens independent of the chosen priority. It is possible that two different values were set for the bgRFC destination – for example, through manually setting up an inbound destination in an area. Manipulating a Background Unit. Name this key. For SAP NetWeaver 7. ENDIF. Create the Interface Channel: Select the scenario and click Next. In the Implementation Guide, choose SAP NetWeaver Implementation Guide Application Server Business Management SAP Cloud Platform SAP Cloud Platform Workflow Integration. Search S4 HANA tables. Inbound destination-specific customizing. When the data is received, you must ensure that the data was transferred to the receiver either once only in any order (transactional) or once only in the order of creation (queued). parameters you can prevent destinations from being overloaded by bgRFC calls. 7574 Views Last edit Feb 24, 2017 at 10:29 AM 4 rev. to create a tRFC unit and method CREATE_QRFC_UNIT to create a qRFC unit. An attempt was made to access a field symbol that has not been assigned. Background Remote Funtion Call (bgRFC) is a technology in SAP that allow for. Standard Settings "On the Scheduler: App. Click Connection Test. The transaction code SBGRFCPERFMON, bgRFC Performance Monitor gives you an overview of the bgRFC units in the system. 9. One is in the general configuration of the bgRFC and the other in the configuration of the WS runtime. Function Group: /1BCDWBEN/SEN0013 Program Name: /1BCDWBEN/SAPLSEN0013 Main Program: Appliation area: Release date: N/A. Bgrfc Inbound Destination TCodes. In SM12 showing locks on table BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION - SAP Q&A Relevancy Factor: 1. If more near-term solution needed, please submit feature request as customer incident in SAP BC-MID. Visit. In the IMG (transaction SPRO), navigate to: Enter the RFC destination, the OAuth 2. QRFC_I_QIN_LOCK. Outbound application server-specific customizing. BGRFC_O_SERVER_REGISTRATION Table Relationship Diagram : Short Description : Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server : Delivery and Maintenance . In the Select Transfer Protocol section, select the option Classic with bgRFC from the list and save your settings. Configuring RFC data transfer. Outbound processing: Number of. 0 Demos. 2. The name of the bgRFC destination is maintained in two different areas. It is either transferred entirely or. . The various ways of configuring the SAP System are described below. And further, you can restrict INBD_BUSOBJ_A with queue prefix BUSOBJ_A_ for example. End of the note. 5 ; SAP Transportation Management 9. SMP provides a layer of middleware between. DP_SERVER_NAME is a standard field within SAP Structure BGRFC_O_SERVER_REGISTRATION that stores Application Server Name information. 03. Register BgRFC Destination for Outbound Queue. 13. Enter the Inb. Company. In the IMG (transaction SPRO), navigate to: Create a new entry for the SAP_CLOUD channel and mark it as active. This site uses cookies and related technologies, as described in our privacy statement, for purposes that may include site operation, analytics, enhanced user experience, or advertising. This interface contains the interface IF_BGRFC_UNIT that is necessary for calling the function module. Click more to access the full version on SAP for Me (Login required). &INCLUDE INCL_AUTHORITY_MISSING. It is either transferred entirely or. tab and Click on Create Button. The following activities are done to create a trusted connection between backend and SAP BTP. Note. QRFC_I_QIN_LOCK is a standard Background RFC (bgRFC) Transparent Table in SAP BC application, which stores Lock Table for Parallel Entries in QRFC_I_QIN data. Logon to your backend system. Authorization Object S_ BGRFC. 5xx server errors on Instagram (from 500 to 511) indicate a problem with Instagram's servers. Searches the directory given by RfcSetIniPath () (or the current working directory) for the file sapnwrfc. Authorizations at the Client Side. One is in the general configuration of the bgRFC and the other in the configuration of the WS runtime. These include SCHEDULER_NR (Number of Running Schedulers), CONTEXT_ID (Context ID for Background RFC Event Handling), UPDATE_TIME (Time Stamp (Date. Message class: BGRFC - qRFC - New Background RFC. Server scenario ¶. SAP. We offer thousands of SAP courses and real-world SAP sandboxes for individuals and corporate teams. The setup of the bgRFC inbound destination is part of the automatic Web service technical setup in transaction SRT_ADMIN. It is available with SAP NetWeaver 2004s (SAP Basis 7. Reloading the sapnwrfc. BGRFC_O_SERVER_REGISTRATION is a standard Background RFC (bgRFC) Structure in SAP BC application. tab page in the transaction SBGRFCCONF, you can maintain a separate inbound destination for each application. For more information about the configuration options, see: Creating a Supervisor Destination. This allows a human being to look at it and restart it in SBGRFCMON. The documentation is no longer regularly updated. If you decide to implement the BAdI and not to use SLD, see the documentation of the IMG activity under Master Data. Note. Select tab Define Supervisor Dest. Below is the technical details and the list of fields specifically relevant for an SAP S/4 HANA system. The settings described above can be found on the tab pages within the transaction SBGRFCCONF. In Server scenario, ABAP system is calling Python remote enabled RFC server, to consume Python functionality. CX_BGRFC_INVALID_DESTINATION. Destination-Specific SettingsRFC destinatin configuration – bgRFC support. The bgRFC Scheduler needs to be restarted. TM is using the bgRFC technology for asynchronous processing. The settings described above can be found on the tab pages within the transaction SBGRFCCONF. A unit consists of one or more function modules that need to be processed as an indivisible unit. The Fiori Frontend Server will then place the notifications in the ABAP Push Channel of the Notification Hub to deliver it to the Notification Center. The BGRFC_I_DEST_REGISTRATION table consists of various fields, each holding specific information or linking keys about Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers for Destination data available in SAP. You can use the transaction code SE16 to view the data in this table, and SE11 TCode for the table structure and definition. BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION. bgRFC-Framework-in-SAP. SAP Transportation Management 9. The basic steps below have to be repeated twice: first you execute the actions in client 000, then in the. You may choose to manage your own preferences. To activate the program, you can simply load AOMEI Backupper, and click the " Menu "-" Register " button. You can specify a value >0 in your configuration. Every RFC call occupies a dialog work process on the application server. This article will provide an overview of how to register a servlet within Jakarta EE and Spring Boot. SAP Solution Manager 7. If you do not want to make any changes here, the system takes the default values. ; Improvement: Updated default role definition for Teamscale RFC user to also include authorization to schedule/release batch jobs (required for asynchronous full exports as. Key : Mandatory : Data Element : TZNTIMESTP : Time Stamp (Date and Time) Check Table : Nesting depth for includes : 0CL_BGRFC_EVENT_MANAGER is a standard SAP object class available within R/3 SAP systems depending on your version and release level. The table BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION does not have foreign key table. This is also a mandatory step to create any inbound bgRFC. This site uses cookies and related technologies, as described in our privacy statement, for purposes that may include site operation, analytics, enhanced user experience, or advertising. SAP Mobile Platform (SMP) is a mobile enterprise application platform designed to simplify the task of creating applications that connect business data to mobile devices for workflow management and back-office integration. Error: user_creation_failed. 16. System-Specific Settings. You may choose to manage your own preferences. In our SAP PI system (SAP EHP 1 for SAP NetWeaver 7. The following locks are visible in transaction SM12: BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION. Maintaining Inbound Destinations. All non-processed bgRFC calls for this destination are counted. Setting up the SOAP runtime is extensively explained in OSS note 1043195 – Configuration of Web service runtime. Choose Create User. The units are stored on the database until they are processed. Click more to access the full version on SAP for Me (Login required). Background RFC (bgRFC) is offered as a replacement for the classic tRFC and qRFC. Number of Connections per Server (Maximum number of open connections (tasks) per application server) This parameter defines how many open connections (tasks) can be held by a server. This allows you to process file uploads in the background when users share attachments in SAP Jam. Certificate Issues. System. Michael Management on Facebook Michael Management on Twitter Michael Management on Linkedin Michael Management on Youtube. can be two types like tRFC and qRFC. . In contrast, with the bgRFC, the dependencies are determined when the data is stored. You set up the destination for the background remote function call (bgRFC) on the SAP NetWeaver Gateway server. Note. In the IMG (transaction SPRO), navigate to: Create a new entry for the SAP_CLOUD channel and mark it as active. . In contrast, with the bgRFC, the dependencies are determined when the data is stored. The unit is the then the unit of the transfer. 77. If an accessible data directory is not specified, pg_ctl returns an exit status of 4. In the Logon/server group field, enter your login/server group. activity so before. The settings described above can be found on the tab pages within the transaction SBGRFCCONF. Maintain RFC Server Group Assignment Basis - Workload Balancing and Group Management: 23 : WE30This is the default for asynchronous exports and prevents time-outs occurring in jobs scheduled as background RFC job (bgRFC), requires Teamscale Server v5. In field Program, enter the name ZDEMO_FLBOOK_VIA_BGRFC and click Create. Webservice, Web Service, Webservices, Web Services, ESI, ESI_GDPR, ESI_STD, SRT_ADMIN, WS_BGRFC_INBOUND000,. Object Name: BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION Dictionary Type: Structure Description:. Outbound application server-specific customizing. In Server scenario, ABAP system is calling Python remote enabled RFC server, to consume Python functionality. In the Details → About section, click Register . Maintaining Inbound Destinations. Using Queues to Lock and Unlock Units. FREE domain privacy for eligible domains. org - The Best Online document for SAP ABAP Tables Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server. Below is the. Microsoft is radically simplifying cloud dev and ops in first-of-its-kind Azure Preview portal at portal. 1619 4 6. reference. 16. Enabling Notification Icon in Fiori Launchpad. Enter an RFC server group (from transaction RZ12) and the number of processes that you want the. The recording is done by means of a call to an RFC-enabled function module. bgRFC Authorizations. In SBGRFCMON we almost always get an error: "A database commit was blocked by the application". BGRFC _I_SERVER_REGISTRATION: Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server BC - Background RFC (bgRFC) Structure 2 : BGRFC _O_SERVER_REGISTRATION: Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server BC - Background RFC (bgRFC) Structure 3 : BGRFC _UNIT_DELTIME: Enqueue Structure for Deleting bgrfc Units BC - Background RFC (bgRFC. Channel Name: Enter a meaning full name (max. It is used to enable background processing of distributed system in a secure. The implementation, testing and documentation of bgRFC server support might take a longer time. Number of Connections per Server (Maximum number of open connections (tasks) per application server) This parameter defines how many open connections (tasks) can be held by a server. Put your integrated WebSphere environments into production fast. A call that is placed in several queues at the same time creates a dependency between these queues. QRFC_I_QIN_LOCK is a standard Background RFC (bgRFC) Transparent Table in SAP BC application, which stores Lock Table for Parallel Entries in QRFC_I_QIN data. This is a) the bgRFC inbound destination and b) the scheduler destination for registration of the web service runtime check class. Make sure that both inbound and outbound schedulers have enough dialog work processes. More Information四. Tip: Even though the Notification Center is turned on by default in. The dependent queues can be processed until the entry for processing is at the head of the queue that defines the dependency. Method SET_BGRFC_SERVER_ATTRIBUTES on class CL_BGRFC_DB_HELPER has no exception. Name field. Basis - Client/Server Technology: 29 : WE02 Display IDoc Basis - ALE Integration Technology: 30 : DBACOCKPIT Start DBA Cockpit Basis - Database Interface, Database Platforms: 31 : BD87 Status monitor for ALE Messages Basis - ALE Integration Technology: 32 : SM04 User List Basis - Client/Server Technology: 33 : RBDAPP01 Variante for. In this section you find information on the authorizations that a user needs to debug bgRFC units. BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION is a standard SAP Table which is used to store Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server data and is available within SAP systems depending on your version and release level. Scheduler Configuration. bgRFC (Background Remote Function Call) This site uses cookies and related technologies, as described in our privacy statement, for purposes that may include site operation, analytics, enhanced user experience, or advertising. Any resemblance to real data is purely coincidental. It can be used to define the fields of other actual tables or to process "Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server" Information within sap ABAP programs. WKS: bgRFC settings, continued. On the Maintain Inbound Dest. Authorizations at the server side (NetWeaver) Authorizations required for related application transactions. Below you can find the technical details of the fields that make up this table. The supervisor destination gets the configuration settings for the bgRFC scheduler and starts or stops the schedulers as required on each application server. On the Maintain Inbound Dest. SAP Help Portal BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION: Registration (ENQ) of Running Schedulers on Server BC - Background RFC (bgRFC) Structure 12 : SEQG4 Structure for list output of lock table in sm12: BC - Enqueue: Structure 13 : INSTCNTL sap Installation: Control Table for Basis Customizing Basis - Installation Tools: Transparent Table 14 : SWD_EDITOR BGRFC_O_SERVER_REGISTRATION is a standard SAP Structure so does not store data like a database table does. When an Open SQL array insert is performed. Symptom. Value range: >= -1, 0 = locked. Maintaining Inbound Destinations. System-Specific Settings. Authorizations at the server side (NetWeaver) Authorizations required for related application transactions. In the systems check that the message reads: Summary: Connection to SLD works correctly. bgRFC Channel. You can use the monitor to trace the state of the unit, from when it is first recorded until it has been. 0, make sure you have already created a separate bgRFC destination for the supervisor using the name BGRFC_SUPERVISOR. SAP Tables SAP Table Fields (New) SAP Glossary Search;. I dont know what it is trying to register. Examples¶. doc - Free download as Word Doc (. g. ini and loads its contents into memory. Create BgRFC Destination for Supervisor. SERVER_SCHEDULERS_INBOUND type standard table of BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION with non-unique key TABLE_LINE 10 : SERVER_SCHEDULERS_OUTBOUND: Public: See coding: 20050112: SERVER_SCHEDULERS_OUTBOUND type standard table of BGRFC_O_SERVER_REGISTRATION with non-unique key TABLE_LINE 11 : SERVER_SCHED_INFOS_INBOUND: Public: See coding: 20050401 The bgRFC offers developers an API that can be used to define the properties of the transfer and record the data. The following locks are visible in transaction SM12: BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION. The push determines if changes have been made to the back end system and also retrieves the needed data to send those changes to the client. BGRFC_D_IN <Inbound Destination> BGRFC_D_OUTYou can find information about the authorizations required for bgRFC configuration under: bgRFC Authorizations. This must be defined in transaction RZ12 or SMLG. "id": 1). Register and Activate the Cloud Notification Channel. Create a background remote function. BGRFC_I_SERVER_REGISTRATION. In high-volume. Step 2. Default value: -1. You can register an event handler for this event by using the ABAP statement SET HANDLER to control the postprocessing. Learn more. Maintaining Inbound Destinations. Multiple function module calls can be bundled together to form a unit. The Destination will be created with the prefix Q. The user (it is the same user, that is used for RFC all, which is monitored) requires S_RFC authorization for /AIF/READ_BAPIRET_BGRFC_CLIENT or /AIF/READ_BAPIRET_TRFC_CLIENT. Enter its name in the Inb. Open the system menu, which is accessible from the upper-right screen corner, and click the Settings icon. In the Warning about selection of protocol dialog, click Yes. This Document Contains a list of All Transaction Codes Required for SAP Fiori Development[Front-End,Back-End and Gateway]. If you regularly delete processed units, you can use delete program that runs asynchronously in the background. However, if the system load is light, too many schedulers will block each other and reduce throughput. Ignore the browser dialog box. Enter a User Name and a password. S_BGRFC, Activity 03, Entity Type for Authoraization 11, 12, SAP_SETUP_SYSTEM_PREP , KBA , SV-SMG-SVC , Administration of Service Connections with Solution Manager , Problem About this page This is a preview of a SAP Knowledge Base Article. Or, instead, you could use the yum-config-manager command as follows: # yum-config-manager --enable rhel-6-server-sam-rpms. During the execution of a unit, you can use the methods of the class CL_BGRFC_SERVER to influence the way the unit is processed. py Event handlers shall be registered before server has started: # register bgRFC handlers server . Authorizations at the Client Side. Decoupling and (potentially) parallelization are possible.